Physicians Use Of Electronic Medical Records Barriers...

Physicians’ Use of Electronic Medical Records: Barriers and Solutions Michelle Nance MIS/566 June 21, 2015 Professor Joseph Woodside Abstract Instead of using paper based records, technology allows physicians to use the electronic medical record (EMR) that improves the quality of programs. By using the EMR, this is not easy nor is it low cost. Physicians’ have to use this method as their daily task. There are some barriers that has been identified with the use of the EMR by the physicians we will discuss. There will be some suggestions made that might can help the policy interventions to overcome the barriers. This will include the support system of work/practice including electronic clinical data exchange, and financial rewards for quality improvement. (Sim, 2004) In today’s society, medical records becomes a huge issue. In many organizations such as healthcare, patient confidentiality becomes a high concern. Having internet health services, creates a challenge for compliance in healthcare. Providers have treated application security and infrastructure security independently until now. Access must be secured for clinical applications to alleviate the concern from providers in healthcare. Therefore, IT infrastructure must be protected from hackers, misusing information as well as thieves. (FairWarning, n.d.) There are many regulations healthcare providers face in challenges. One is HIPAA which governs how providers disclose protected healthShow MoreRelatedChallenges And Solutions For A Successful Ehr Implementation Project1430 Words   |  6 PagesChallenges and Solutions for a Successful EHR Implementation Project Abstract Despite of the benefits of electronic health records in medical practices, some healthcare providers are reluctant to implement of this project due to many barriers and limitations such as usability, technical ability, cost constraints, standardization limitations, and resistance of change. The main barriers to adoption of EHR systems for healthcare providers and strategies of the successful implementation projectRead MoreAdvantages and Disadvantages of Using Electronic Medical Records1237 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Electronic Medical Records: Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) are computerized clinical records that are created in care delivery organizations like hospitals and physicians offices. Since their discovery, electronic medical records have been increasingly used by primary care physicians as a way to effectively manage the huge number of patient information. Many physicians and hospital staffs have stated that the EMR systems have had a huge impact on their management of patients records and theirRead MoreElectronic Health Records And The Healthcare Field946 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction The major change from traditional systems to electronic record systems in the healthcare field within the last couple decades has made a huge impact. Patient records, risk management, planning, staff, and more in the organization are affected by the IT staff. â€Å"The penetration of Internet access, mobile technologies and social networks collectively offer a future in which it is possible to deliver highly personalized care without necessarily having to do it in person, or even with aRead MoreHealth Informatics And The Health System1717 Words   |  7 Pages(Anderson, 2007) . Such programs are Ehealth Ontario, and Alberta Netcare. Electron Health Records (EHR) and Electronic Medical Records are usually used exchangeable (Gartee, 2011). EMR servers as a data source for EHR; it usually contains patient’s medical records and usually found in an ambulatory or acute health facilities. While EHR is the sum of the entire patient’s life history of his or her health recor ds from different sources, which is usually kept in an institution such as an integrated deliveryRead MoreDo Fracking Really Bring For The Practice?762 Words   |  4 PagesUsing EHR) Electronic Health Records (EHRs) are an important component in health care reform, but do they really bring efficiency to the practice? The extent to which practices use EHRs vary from the very basic (entering clinical notes and viewing results) to the intermediate (using e-Prescribing to indicate adverse drug prevention and provide suggestions for alternative drugs) to the advanced use (including lab and radiology order entry with testing guidance, capture of electronic charge, andRead MoreEssay about Electronic Health Records2230 Words   |  9 PagesRunning head: ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORDS The Advantages and Disadvantages of Electronic Health Records Michelle H Gay Cabarrus College of Health Sciences Abstract There are many advantages to electronic health records but there are as many disadvantages to implementation of this technology. This paper will discuss the advantages and disadvantages that take place during the implementation process of electronic health records. This material was gathered from published materials. The healthRead MoreMy Wellness Portal Is Funded By Ahrq Health1420 Words   |  6 Pagesprevention-oriented, Web-based personal health record (PHR). Personal health record is a personal health management solution that supports the delivery of preventive health services by primary care providers and involves patients in the process. According to Dr. James Mold (2013), My Wellness Portal personal Record System was developed as part of strategic plan to build and test a novel comprehensive care delivery system through primary care physicians. The team originally set about to develop anRead MoreAssessing the Value of Electronic Medical Records795 Words   |  3 Pages Assessing the Value of Electronic Medical Records Introduction The potential for Electronic Medical Records (EMR) to transform healthcare making it more accurate, efficient and cost-effective is significant. Studies indicate that the most common workflows and processes that EMR systems are used for automating can save a healthcare provider up to 67% of the total costs of correcting error-filled reports and minimizing the costs of malpractice insurance as a result (Walker, 2005). The best andRead MoreResearch Proposal Electronic Health Records Essay example2410 Words   |  10 PagesTechnological Experience on Adoption and Usage of Electronic Health Records Introduction The integration of electronic health records in the IT infrastructures supporting medical facilities enables improved access to and recording of patient data, enhanced ability to make more informed and more-timely decisions, and decreased errors. Despite these benefits, there are mixed results as to the use of EHR. The aim of this research is to determine if medical health professionals who lack experience withRead MoreElectronic Medical Records a Cure for Health Care Case Study Essay857 Words   |  4 Pagescase is medical record keeping. About 12 percent of healthcare spending goes towards medical recordkeeping. Medical records have been kept in files and folders, which causes difficulty in accessing and sharing information. This problem could be maintained with electronic medical systems. 2.) What people organization and technology factors are responsible for the difficulties in building electronic medical record systems? Explain your answer. Building an electronic medical record (EMR)

Sir Gawain Essay - 989 Words

Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Gawain, a knight of the famed King Arthur, is depicted as the most noble of knights in the poem Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. Nonetheless, he is not without fault or punishment, and is certainly susceptible to conflict. Gawain, bound to chivalry, is torn between his knightly edicts, his courtly obligations, and his mortal thoughts of self-preservation. This conflict is most evident in his failure of the tests presented to him. With devious tests of temptation and courage, Morgan le Fay is able to create a mockery of Gawain’s courtly and knightly ideals. Through the knight Gawain, the poem is able to reveal that even knights are human too with less than romantic traits. In order to satirize Gawains†¦show more content†¦By portraying Gawain as noble and honorable, the poet is able to shock the reader with actions that are uncharacteristic of a chivalrous knight. The first of these conflicting actions is obvious in the temptation of Gawain by his hosts lady. This lady, the huntress, seeks to pursue Gawain in order to fool him into actions that contrast the knightly ideal. She will do anything to accomplish these actions in him, even through sexual temptations. With another mans wife pursuing him, Gawain must be courtly to the lady, but at the same time must deny her advances. This unavoidable conflict creates a fear within Gawain. Upon discovering that the lovely lady was approaching him in bed, Gawain lays a sleep, in order to quot;try her intentquot; (1199). This action reveals Gawains fear that his hosts lady is pursuing him. This unavoidable fear causes his failure of courtliness, for Gawain would have claimed a kiss from the lady, but di d not. The lady ridicules him for this, even though, the situation was unavoidable. Gawain must abide by his morals and abstain from immoral thoughts, while at the same time being a courteous guest. Moreover, Gawain is forced to make a choice between courtesy and adultery, either of which would result in the dishonor of the lady ,his host, or Gawain himself. By choosing to return each of the following kisses received, Gawain is ableShow MoreRelatedSir Gawain Essay784 Words   |  4 Pages Sir Gawain Essay In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Sir Gawain continuously proves his knightly virtues and code of honor. Chivalry includes bravery, honor, and courtesy. He proves that he is in fact a real; Knight. He shows his bravery by shying away from nothing and no one. He proves his honor and courtesy to everyone he meets by showing respect to all whether he receives it back or not. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Sir Gawain shows his bravery the first moment he has the chance to, whenRead MoreSir Gawain And The Green1627 Words   |  7 Pages11/25/14 Sir Gawain and the Girdle In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Gawain is presented a green girdle by Lady Bertilak after their sexual encounter (1830-1835). There have been many differing opinions on what the girdle represents, but I believe the most pertinent symbol that the green girdle stands for is the temptation that Gawain faces several times throughout the story. The girdle not only stands for the temptations that Gawain faces, but ultimately shows the ignorance Gawain exhibits throughoutRead MoreSir Gawain And The Green Knight1359 Words   |  6 PagesIn the poem â€Å"Sir Gawain and The Green Knight,† a protagonist emerges depicting an Arthurian knight named Sir Gawain. Sir Gawain, King Arthur’s nephew, takes initiative by accepting the challenge requested by the Green Knight in place of his uncle. He undergoes a perilous adventure, seeking for the Green Knight to receive the final blow. Although Sir Gawain is not viewed as a hero for his military accomplishments, he is, however, viewe d as a heroic figure by the Knights at the Round Table for hisRead MoreSir Gawain And The Green Knight862 Words   |  4 PagesIn Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, by an unknown author referred to as the â€Å"Pearl Poet,† we are introduced to Sir Gawain. Gawain is a knight of the Round Table and he is also the nephew of King Arthur. As a knight, Gawain is expected to possess and abide by many chivalrous facets. Throughout the poem he portrays many of the qualities a knight should possess, such as bravery, courtesy, and honor among others. Because of his ability to possess these virtues even when tempted to stray away from themRead MoreSir Gawain And The Green Knight Essay1687 Words   |  7 PagesSir Gawain and the Green Knight contains ambiguity and irony that make it interesting to read and teach. Gawain’s conflict arose when he accepted the girdle that could protect him and when he lied to his host, severing fellowship with the lord for courtesy with the lady. By utilizing a social reconstructionist philosophy of teaching that emphasizes personal beliefs and ethics, a teacher will help the students establish their identities and learn to appreciate classic literature. Sir Gawain and theRead MoreSir Gawain and the Green Knight1100 Words   |  5 PagesThe poem of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight compares a super natural creature to nature. The mystery of the poem is ironic to the anonymous author. The story dates back into the fourteenth century, but no one knows who originally wrote the poem. This unknown author explains in the poem of Sir Gawain not knowing of the location of the Green Chapel and or who the Green Knight really is. This keeps the reader entertained with the suspicion of not knowing. The author then does not give his name orRead MoreSir Gawain And The Green Knight1498 Words   |  6 PagesIn terms of values, there could not be two people more different than the honorable Sir Gawain and the flamboyant Jay Gatsby. Sir Gawain , featured in the novel Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, is an honorable knight who abides by the code of chivalry and the pentangle on his shield representing his values. He is on a quest to live up to the challenge he accepted in place of his lord, while maintaining his chivalrous ideals. Jay Gatsby, the main character in Fitzgerald’s classic The Great Gatsby,Read MoreSir Gawain And The Green Knight Essay1521 Words   |  7 Pageswith their king, this relationship was otherwise known as fealty. Fealty is a knight’s sworn loyalty to their king (in other words a loyal relationship should be formed between the two). The use of this relationship is shown in the poem called â€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight† ( the author is unknown). This poem has a classic quest type of formula, with a knight receiving a challenge and then going out on a journey to pursue that challenge, leading to a return home to report the results of his questRead MoreSir Gawain And The Gr een Knight1335 Words   |  6 PagesSir Gawain: The Ironic Knight Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a tale of the utmost irony in which Sir Gawain, the most loyal and courteous of all of King Arthur’s knights, fails utterly to be loyal and courteous to his king, his host, his vows, and his God. In each case, Sir Gawain not only fails to perform well, but performs particularly poorly, especially in the case of his relationship with God. Ultimately, Sir Gawain chooses magic over faith, and by doing so, shows his ironic nature as aRead MoreSir Gawain And The Green Knight1455 Words   |  6 Pagescould be a temptation to someone. However, for Gawain in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight temptation existed around every corner while he was playing the game of the Green Knight. Temptation existed every day and each day it existed in a new way. Gawain never knew what was coming his way throughout the grand scheme of the game, but one thing was for certain he was being tested. Without his reliance religious faith and dedication to his reputation, Gaw ain would not have been able to make it through the

Negotiation and Conflict Resolution †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Negotiation Conflict Resolution. Answer: Introduction According to Singh (2008) conflict is defined as a difference in opinion of people working in a same organisation. It is caused due to dissimilar thought procedure of people working together. It can be concluded that the conflicts are inseparable part in an individual personal and professional lifes. Conflict and negotiation are one of the vital parts in an organisation. A conflict occurs in every organisation irrespective of its size. Negotiation therefore has become a significant tool for the modern age managers to overcome an issue. Internal conflicts occur due to internal disturbances whereas external disputes occur due to external parties. Employees working in an organisation do have a tendency that conflicts are bad for the business organisation. It is important to understand that the conflicts are positive for the business organisation. The conflict allows use of various different tools to negotiate in a diversified business setting. Conflict can be divided into two parts: fun ctional conflict and dysfunctional conflicts. The Functional conflict is positive in nature. Both the parties differ in a very healthy manner and mutually focus on improving the healthy relationship among people. This allow in developing a better relationship. While in case of dysfunctional conflict the difference happen in an unhealthy manner. This type of conflicts occurs due to a long lasting ill relationship in between the people working in the business organisation. Such difference in an organisation causes constant escalations and anxiety. In order to gain efficiency it is important to organise an effective conflict resolution process in order to resolve the issue whilst in view of all the vital factors (Olekalns and Adair, 2013). The nature and rules of conflict resolution includes inter-related concept i.e. reduction, elimination, or termination of all forms and types of conflict. Conflict arises due to difference in belief between the employees and employer. Business organisations find difficulty in finding the most appropriate way for them. For example: in a diversified business environment every individual is having different set of opinion to carry out the business activity. Implementation of an effective business plan has become one of the most important parts while considering the economic resources available with them. Conflict Negotiation is an art used by the organisations to deal with the conflict arising due to multiple reasons like gender discrimination, difference in personality, a wide gap in cultural understanding, Poor Communication, personal interest and etc. According to Rahim (2010) conflict resolution is to improve learning and group outcomes, as well as usefulness or performance in organ izational setting. He further stated that the act of managing conflict includes an appropriate use of skills by the manager to enhance the productivity. Negotiation is a tool to organize people in the organisation through a most appropriate way. It is consequently tricky for a business organisation to discover a resolution for a conflict to achieve the desired results. For example: there can be dispute among the team members on a petty issue which can deteriortae the productivity. Negotiation allow in dealing with the situation in the best possibe manner. Clegg, Kornberger and Pitsis (2015) in their book, Managing Conflict and Negotiation has stated that Conflicts happen due to different conviction and objectives whilst talking about the business plans. For example: A clash in the personal and professional objective lead to conflict. Big business owners find difficulty while negotiating with external parties as well. Everyone desires to put into practice the most suitable plan for t he sustainability of the business organization. While critically analyzing the different aspects of Conflict negotiation the approach has became an integral part in an organisationthat is inseparable. A conflict may arise due to difference in value of people. There are some people who are having a strong belief, which they are not ready to compromise. These beliefs cause conflict in an organization. For example: an employee opposing workplace diversity will have a hard time in accepting the diverse workforce. In order to avoid the conflict it is important to accept the situation and to initiate with more tolerance with differing value. A conflict might arise due to a difference in interest. This generally occurs when an employee is more focused on achieving the personal goals. Under such a situation it is difficult to find out the most appropriate way to manage the conflict (Roche, Teague and Colvin, 2014). For instance the organisationmight find problem in dealing with such a situation. The team management Sin such a situation is important to deal with the difference in the personality. Every individual in an organisationhas a different outlook towards problem resolution. A most extrovert employee may find problem in talking with the most introvert employee due to a wide personality gap. In such a situation it is important to implement an effective way in achieving an appropriate way by intriguing in a healthy conversation. A conflict can be reduced in an easy way by creating understanding among people. Poor communication is another reason for misunderstanding. Sometimes employees fail to understand the actual communication that lead to a conflict in attitude. A conflict is obvious when the two people do not understand and respect each others' approach (Avruch, 2015; Epstein and Buhovac, 2014). The Employee Relations Framework includes number of elements which jointly include all formal policy, method and declaration documents. The framework also includes associated forms, relating to all employee relation processes describing: Capability Policy, expansion Plan, regulation Procedure, Grievance Procedure, Social Media Policy and Public Interest Disclosure Policy. This allow in establishing better relationship with the employees. In order to gain a competetive advanatge due to excess conflict it is important to derive a framework to accelarate smooth working. Eunson (2012) in his book has stated the necessity of an effective framework to deal with a Conflict in an organisation. Without a conflict an organisation cannot grow well. It requires a perfect bargaining skill of the employer. This occupies bargaining between the two parties to reach the most apt mode to regain the result. Conflicts and negotiation are the vital part to an organisation life cycle. It has turned out to be imperative to determine the conflicts in a well-organized mode to achieve preferred set of results. Conflict resolution is a common activity in a large sized business organisationdue to its hugeness and dissimilarity in opinion. The framework allow in handling the dispute occurring in the organisation due to difference of belief. Conflict resolution framework are the most appropriate technique used by the business owner to generate positive result. Superior business organisations have to handle the situation in a critical way through an efficient set of negotiation skills whereas the small sized business organisations faces trouble in managing the conflict due to a lower purchasing power than the large size business organisation. According to Van Zant and Kray (2015) Conflict resolution creates multifold options that are created in a most appropriate manner while working with a stronger party. Negotiators who aggressively plea to the compassion of their complement attain better results. This allows both in terms of distributive value claiming as well as integrative value creation. Business organisations have to follow requisite steps while giving out solutions. They have to identify the most suitable way to create an appropriate strategy in order to achieve the preferred result. By following the procedure an organisationcan attain distinguish set of goals. This procedure helps in reaching the objectives in an orderly way while negotiating the issues. According to Moore (2014) Modern Business organisations via conflict negotiation are creating a favorable situation to attain desired outcome. A lot of business organisations realize that they cannot acknowledge the demand throughout the conflicts. In such a situ ation it is necessary to find out the best alternative amongst the agreed solution. The business organisationfinds difficulty in making an appropriate choice due to an Availability of alternates to achieve results. For example: A conflict provide with different alternative solution to deal with a problem. A problem give rise to multiple solution to a problem. In this way the organisationcan opt the best and effective process to deal with a problem. Conflict Negotiation is an important tool to overcome the complexity arising due to conflict. This activity includes effective negotiation techniques used by the business organisationto get a desired result. A Conflict may happen in an organisationand it is difficult for every individual to overcome the situation in the most appropriate way. This is an important activity under an uneven business environment so that one can meet the desired results in an organized way. While negotiating it is appropriate to use the resources in an appropri ate way by implementing the theories. This will allow in balancing the results in a most appropriate way. Conflict resolution includes series of steps undertaken to meet the desired result by theoretical implementation. An organisationhas to manage the situation by disbursing the most effective theory at place so that the most appropriate solution can be used( Goldberg, Sander, Rogers and Cole, 2014). This process of conflict negotiation and resolution require implementation of an effective model to reclaim maximum result. The employer has to find most suitable way to decide the troubles happening due to the issues. A Small business faces problem while dealing with such a situation; whereas Large sized business organisations can use multiple tools to overcome the situation arising due to conflicts. Most importantly business organisations have to find out an appropriate method to diminish the circumstances happening due to internal conflict the occurrence of a Conflict is an inevitable part for an organisationto deal with (Dipboye and Colella, 2013). Hence it is essential for the business entity to implement the most appropriate way to decrease the impact of conflict through Negotiation. Conflict resolution theories are used for reducing the impact of conflicts arising inside a business organization. Different author has given a varied approach depending upon the amount and level o f conflict. These approaches related to the conflict resolution help in reducing the gap amid the actual and standard situation. By declining to negotiate, the conflicts arising inside the business organisationcannot be resolved. Reconciliation is one of the most efficient tools used by business organisations to reduce the effect of conflicts (Menkel-Meadow, 2017). There are different theories that are given by the author in order to resolve the problem. According to Thomas Khillman model, one can organize conflicts in a well-organized way. This model was developed 30 years ago and provides organisations with an appropriate conflict resolution technique. It is known to back the conflicts arising inside the organization. This self scoring technique used by the large-sized business organisations has become an indispensable technique to deal with the problems. It helps in ascertaining individuality in the two areas which embrace boldness and cooperation. The TKI model facilitate in finding the approach to resolve the conflicts inside the business organization. Conflicts can be managed by ascertaining the effective activities and putting it at an appropriate place in order to gain long-term benefit. Modern age business organisations are using these techniques to overcome extreme burden (Deresky, 2017). As per Hillson and Murray-Webster (2007) Johari Window is another tool that is used by the people to appreciate the relationship in between the people in a better way. This model was developed by Joseph Loft and Harrington Inghman. According to the author the primarily used by the self help group and corporate settings to reduce the conflict occurring. This model is implemented when the dispute is caused due to difference in opinion. Business organisations can use this model to enhance the level of communication in between them. It provides with a well-organized tool to look for helpful information. The two components of the tool are: Firstly, It is important to trust the other party blindly by disclosing the information. Secondly, Feedbacks assist in learning significant concern about the individual. Johari Window is widely used to set free internal concern happening in the organisation due to different opinion (Tran, 2016). According to Belbin (2012) Belbin team role is used for managing large sized teams. It is an important negotiating tool to resolve the conflict in a team. This is used by the business organisations to create a balanced team by considerate process. This model is frequently implemented by the team leaders to overcome the difference among the team members. It is important to understand the role in order to analyse individual strength and weakness. The model is known widely because of its insinuation in determining issue. It allow in developing a better interpersonal relationship with the team members. Moreover the team leader can make an estimation regarding the strength and weakness. This model consequently helps in eliminating issues arising in the team. Hence it is relevant to understand the role of conflict resolution in order to implement the most appropriate model. These diagnostic tools help in managing the conflicts and assist in realizing the most suitable instrument according to the situation. The diagnostic theories are employed as per the necessities and follow a fitting function in order to gain long-term growth. This is eventually important for a business organisationto appreciate the issues arising in the internal and external setting and to apply an appropriate tool to gain results (Brubaker, et al 2014). Conclusion To conclude, Conflicts in a business organisation has a long term effects on the growth and development. The issues arising in the organisation are common in nature but need an appropriate process and methodology to deal with it. Conflicts happen due to different conviction and objectives whilst talking about the business plans. In such a situation the conflict resolutiontheory act as a suitable tool to minimize the harm caused due to conflict. Hence it is essential for the business entity to implement the most appropriate way to decrease the impact of conflict through Negotiation. Effective implementation of theories is important in order to eliminate the consequences. Different author has a varied opinion about the conflict negotiation and resolution but it is the role of the manager to incorporate the most appropriate set of skill to gain efficiency at workplace, hence, the issues should be managed by implementing an appropriate tool to minimize the ill-effect. References Avruch, K., 2015.Context and pretext in conflict resolution: Culture, identity, power, and practice. Routledge. Belbin, R.M., 2012. Team roles at work. Routledge. Brubaker, D., Noble, C., Fincher, R., Park, S.K.Y. and Press, S., 2014. Conflict resolution in the workplace: What will the future bring?.Conflict Resolution Quarterly,31(4), pp.357-386. Clegg, S.R., Kornberger, M. and Pitsis, T., 2015.Managing and organisations: An introduction to theory and practice. Sage. Deresky, H., 2017.International management: Managing across borders and cultures. Pearson Education India. Dipboye, R.L. and Colella, A. eds., 2013.Discrimination at work: The psychological and organizational bases. Psychology Press. Epstein, M.J. and Buhovac, A.R., 2014.Making sustainability work: Best practices in managing and measuring corporate social, environmental, and economic impacts.Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Eunson,B.2012. Conflict Management. John Wiley Sons Goldberg, S.B., Sander, F.E., Rogers, N.H. and Cole, S.R., 2014.Dispute resolution: Negotiation, mediation and other processes. Wolters Kluwer Law Business. Hillson, D. and Murray-Webster, R., 2007.Understanding and managing risk attitude. Gower Publishing, Ltd.. Menkel-Meadow, C., 2017.Dispute processing and conflict resolution: theory, practice and policy. Routledge. Moore, C.W., 2014.The mediation process: Practical strategies for resolving conflict. John Wiley Sons. Olekalns, M. and Adair, W.L. eds., 2013.Handbook of research on negotiation. Edward Elgar Publishing. Rahim, M.A., 2010. Managing conflict in organisations. Transaction Publishers. Roche, W.K., Teague, P. and Colvin, A.J. eds., 2014.The Oxford handbook of conflict resolutionin organisations. Oxford University Press. Singh,D B.2008. Managing Conflict and Negotiation. Excel Books India Tran, B., 2016. Communication:The Role of the Johari Window on.Handbook of Research on Effective Communication, Leadership, and Conflict Resolution, p.405. Van Zant, A. and Kray, L.J., 2015. Negotiation and Conflict Resolution: A Behavioral Decision Research Perspective. InWiley-Blackwell handbook of judgment and decision making(pp. 828-848). John Wiley Sons Hoboken, NJ.

Lyme Disease Lyme Arthritis ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Lyme Disease Is A Tick-tran

Lyme Disease Lyme Arthritis ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Lyme disease is a tick-transmitted inflammatory disorder characterized by an early focal skin lesion, and subsequently a growing red area on the skin (erythema chronicum migrans or ECM). The disorder may be followed weeks later by neurological, heart or joint abnormalities. Symptomatology ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The first symptom of Lyme disease is a skin lesion. Known as erythema chronicum migrans, or ECM, this usually begins as a red discoloration (macule) or as an elevated round spot (papule). The skin lesion usually appears on an extremity or on the trunk, especially the thigh, buttock or the under arm. This spot expands, often with central clearing, to a diameter as large as 50 cm (c. 12 in.). Approximately 25% of patients with Lyme disease report having been bitten at that site by a tiny tick 3 to 32 days before onset of ECM. The lesion may be warm to touch. Soon after onset nearly half the patients develop multiple smaller lesions without hardened centers. ECM generally lasts for a few weeks. Other types of lesions may subsequently appear during resolution. Former skin lesions may reappear faintly, sometimes before recurrent attacks of arthritis. Lesions of the mucous membranes do not occur in Lyme disease. The most common symptoms accompanying ECM, or preceding it by a few days, may include malaise, fatigue, chills, fever, headache and stiff neck. Less commonly, backache, muscle aches (myalgias), nausea, vomiting, sore throat, swollen lymph glands, and an enlarged spleen may also be present. Most symptoms are characteristically intermittent and changing, but malaise and fatigue may linger for weeks. Arthritis is present in about half of the patients with ECM, occurring within weeks to months following onset and lasting as long as 2 years. Early in the illness, migratory inflammation of ma ny joints (polyarthritis) without joint swelling may occur. Later, longer attacks of swelling and pain in several large joints, especially the knees, typically recur for several years. The knees commonly are much more swollen than painful; they are often hot, but rarely red. Baker's cysts (a cyst in the knee) may form and rupture. Those symptoms accompanying ECM, especially malaise, fatigue and low-grade fever, may also precede or accompany recurrent attacks of arthritis. About 10% of patients develop chronic knee involvement (i.e. unremittent for 6 months or longer). Neurological abnormalities may develop in about 15% of patients with Lyme disease within weeks to months following onset of ECM, often before arthritis occurs. These abnormalities commonly last for months, and usually resolve completely. They include: 1. lymphocytic meningitis or meningoencephalitis 2. jerky involuntary movements (chorea) 3. failure of muscle coordination due to dysfunction of the cerebellum (cerebellar ataxia) 4. cranial neuritis including Bell's palsy (a form of facial paralysis) 5. motor and sensory radiculo-neuritis (symmetric weakness, pain, strange sensations in the extremities, usually occurring first in the legs) 6. injury to single nerves causing diminished nerve response (mononeuritis multiplex) 7. inflammation of the spinal cord (myelitis). Abnormalities in the heart muscle (myocardium) occur in approximately 8% of patients with Lyme disease within weeks of ECM. They may include fluctuating degrees of atrioventricular block and, less commonly, inflammation of the heart sack and heart muscle (myopericarditis) with reduced blood volume ejected from the left ventricle and an enlarged heart (cardiomegaly). When Lyme Disease is contracted during pregnancy, the fetus may or may not be adversely affected, or may contract congenital Lyme Disease. In a study of nineteen pregnant women with Lyme Disease, fourteen had normal pregnancies and normal babies. If Lyme Disease is contracted during pregnancy, possible fetal abnormalities and premature birth can occur. Etiology ~~~~~~~~ Lyme disease is caused by a spirochete bacterium (Borrelia Burgdorferi) transmitted by a small tick called Ixodes dammini. The spirochete is probably injected into the victim's skin or bloodstream at the time of the insect bite. After an incubation period of 3 to 32 days, the organism migrates outward in the skin, is spread through the lymphatic system or is disseminated by the blood to different body organs or other skin sites. Lyme Disease was first described in 1909 in European medical journals. The first outbreak in the United States occurred in the early 1970's in Old lyme, Connecticut. An unusually high Lyme Disease Lyme Arthritis ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Lyme Disease Is A Tick-tran Lyme Disease Lyme Arthritis ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Lyme disease is a tick-transmitted inflammatory disorder characterized by an early focal skin lesion, and subsequently a growing red area on the skin (erythema chronicum migrans or ECM). The disorder may be followed weeks later by neurological, heart or joint abnormalities. Symptomatology ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The first symptom of Lyme disease is a skin lesion. Known as erythema chronicum migrans, or ECM, this usually begins as a red discoloration (macule) or as an elevated round spot (papule). The skin lesion usually appears on an extremity or on the trunk, especially the thigh, buttock or the under arm. This spot expands, often with central clearing, to a diameter as large as 50 cm (c. 12 in.). Approximately 25% of patients with Lyme disease report having been bitten at that site by a tiny tick 3 to 32 days before onset of ECM. The lesion may be warm to touch. Soon after onset nearly half the patients develop multiple smaller lesions without hardened centers. ECM generally lasts for a few weeks. Other types of lesions may subsequently appear during resolution. Former skin lesions may reappear faintly, sometimes before recurrent attacks of arthritis. Lesions of the mucous membranes do not occur in Lyme disease. The most common symptoms accompanying ECM, or preceding it by a few days, may include malaise, fatigue, chills, fever, headache and stiff neck. Less commonly, backache, muscle aches (myalgias), nausea, vomiting, sore throat, swollen lymph glands, and an enlarged spleen may also be present. Most symptoms are characteristically intermittent and changing, but malaise and fatigue may linger for weeks. Arthritis is present in about half of the patients with ECM, occurring within weeks to months following onset and lasting as long as 2 years. Early in the illness, migratory inflammation of ma ny joints (polyarthritis) without joint swelling may occur. Later, longer attacks of swelling and pain in several large joints, especially the knees, typically recur for several years. The knees commonly are much more swollen than painful; they are often hot, but rarely red. Baker's cysts (a cyst in the knee) may form and rupture. Those symptoms accompanying ECM, especially malaise, fatigue and low-grade fever, may also precede or accompany recurrent attacks of arthritis. About 10% of patients develop chronic knee involvement (i.e. unremittent for 6 months or longer). Neurological abnormalities may develop in about 15% of patients with Lyme disease within weeks to months following onset of ECM, often before arthritis occurs. These abnormalities commonly last for months, and usually resolve completely. They include: 1. lymphocytic meningitis or meningoencephalitis 2. jerky involuntary movements (chorea) 3. failure of muscle coordination due to dysfunction of the cerebellum (cerebellar ataxia) 4. cranial neuritis including Bell's palsy (a form of facial paralysis) 5. motor and sensory radiculo-neuritis (symmetric weakness, pain, strange sensations in the extremities, usually occurring first in the legs) 6. injury to single nerves causing diminished nerve response (mononeuritis multiplex) 7. inflammation of the spinal cord (myelitis). Abnormalities in the heart muscle (myocardium) occur in approximately 8% of patients with Lyme disease within weeks of ECM. They may include fluctuating degrees of atrioventricular block and, less commonly, inflammation of the heart sack and heart muscle (myopericarditis) with reduced blood volume ejected from the left ventricle and an enlarged heart (cardiomegaly). When Lyme Disease is contracted during pregnancy, the fetus may or may not be adversely affected, or may contract congenital Lyme Disease. In a study of nineteen pregnant women with Lyme Disease, fourteen had normal pregnancies and normal babies. If Lyme Disease is contracted during pregnancy, possible fetal abnormalities and premature birth can occur. Etiology ~~~~~~~~ Lyme disease is caused by a spirochete bacterium (Borrelia Burgdorferi) transmitted by a small tick called Ixodes dammini. The spirochete is probably injected into the victim's skin or bloodstream at the time of the insect bite. After an incubation period of 3 to 32 days, the organism migrates outward in the skin, is spread through the lymphatic system or is disseminated by the blood to different body organs or other skin sites. Lyme Disease was first described in 1909 in European medical journals. The first outbreak in the United States occurred in the early 1970's in Old lyme, Connecticut. An unusually high